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Initializes the Neo4j database schema by creating required constraints, indexes, root nodes, audit trails, and migrating existing data structures to current schema versions.

Purpose

This function serves as the primary database initialization routine for a Neo4j-based document management system (CDocs). It ensures the database has all necessary schema elements including constraints and indexes, creates essential root nodes (CDocs root and audit trail), initializes document counters based on existing data, and performs data migrations for approval systems and audit events. The function is protected by a guard_execution decorator with a 5-second cooldown to prevent rapid repeated executions.

Source Code

def initialize_schema(driver: Driver) -> bool:
    """
    Initialize Neo4j schema with required constraints and indexes.
    
    Args:
        driver: Neo4j driver instance
        
    Returns:
        True if successful, False otherwise
    """
    try:
        # Execute schema queries
        with driver.session() as session:
            for query in SCHEMA_INITIALIZATION_QUERIES:
                try:
                    session.run(query)
                except Exception as e:
                    logger.error(f"Error executing schema query: {e}")
                    
            # Create root node if it doesn't exist
            result = session.run("MATCH (c:CDocs) RETURN c LIMIT 1")
            if not result.single():
                # Create the root node logic...
                pass
            
            # Create audit trail if it doesn't exist and migrate events
            audit_trail_uid = ensure_audit_trail_exists(driver)
            if audit_trail_uid:
                # Pass the audit_trail_uid parameter to migrate_audit_events
                migrate_audit_events(driver=driver, audit_trail_uid=audit_trail_uid)
            else:
                logger.warning("Could not create or find audit trail - skipping event migration")

             # Initialize document counters based on existing documents
            initialize_document_counters(driver)
            
            # Migrate approval data to new structure if needed
            approval_migration_result = migrate_approval_data(driver)
            logger.info(f"Approval migration result: {approval_migration_result}")
            
            # Migrate old approval cycles to new model if needed
            approval_cycle_migration_result = migrate_approval_cycles(driver)
            logger.info(f"Approval cycle migration result: {approval_cycle_migration_result}")
            
            logger.info("Neo4j schema initialized successfully")
            return True
    except Exception as e:
        logger.error(f"Error initializing Neo4j schema: {e}")
        return False

Parameters

Parameter Details

driver: A Neo4j Driver instance that provides the connection to the Neo4j database. This driver is used to create sessions for executing Cypher queries and must be properly configured and connected before calling this function.

Return Value

Type: bool

Returns a boolean value: True if the schema initialization completed successfully (all queries executed, root nodes created, migrations completed), or False if any exception occurred during the process. Note that individual query failures are logged but don't immediately halt execution; the function attempts to complete all initialization steps.

Dependencies

• neo4j
• logging
• uuid
• typing
• traceback
• CDocs

Required Imports

import logging
import uuid
import traceback
from typing import Dict, List, Any, Optional, Tuple
from neo4j import Driver, Session, Transaction
from CDocs import guard_execution, db

Usage Example

from neo4j import GraphDatabase
from CDocs import initialize_schema
import logging

# Configure logging
logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO)

# Create Neo4j driver
driver = GraphDatabase.driver(
    'bolt://localhost:7687',
    auth=('neo4j', 'password')
)

try:
    # Initialize the schema
    success = initialize_schema(driver)
    
    if success:
        print('Schema initialized successfully')
    else:
        print('Schema initialization failed')
finally:
    driver.close()

Best Practices

• Always call this function during application startup before performing any database operations
• Ensure the Neo4j driver is properly connected and authenticated before calling this function
• The guard_execution decorator prevents rapid repeated calls; respect the 5-second cooldown period
• Monitor logs for individual query failures as the function continues execution even if some queries fail
• Run this function with appropriate database privileges to create constraints and indexes
• Consider running this in a transaction-safe manner during production deployments
• The function is idempotent for most operations (constraints, indexes) but migrations may have side effects
• Ensure all helper functions (ensure_audit_trail_exists, migrate_audit_events, etc.) are available in scope
• Test schema initialization in a development environment before applying to production
• Review SCHEMA_INITIALIZATION_QUERIES to understand what constraints and indexes will be created

Tags

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